- Troubleshooting - by asking students why a system does not work.
- Redesign - by asking students for a redesign of a system for a different purpose.
- What-if - by asking students what would happen under other conditions.
- Principle - by asking students the function of a component in the system, or why a component behaves the way it does.
In Computer Science, this is pretty easy to do. Here are some examples:
- Troubleshooting - have students debug a program, or discover and debug another student's program.
- Redesign - have students build another version of an application.
- What-if - have students compare and contrast the use of different algorithms, database design, logic design, infrastructure, etc.
- Principle - have students construct context diagram, use case diagrams, etc. and explain how one component functions within the entire system.
References:
Mayer, R. (2001). Multimedia Learning. New York: Cambridge University Press.
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